The young player came off the bench in the second half during the team's impressive 5-0 victory in the Champions League.
Cuenca, 17, entered the fray on 84 minutes for Inigo Martinez, after he scored in the rout.
The teen has been on the bench for Barca this season, though without making the pitch until last night.
Cuenca is the latest youngster to be handed a chance this season by coach Hansi Flick, with fellow defenders Sergi Domínguez, Héctor Fort and Gerard Martín also all involved.